QUESTIONS OF CLASSIFICATION OF NODALFORMATIONS OF THE THYROID GLAND. REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction. This article is devoted to a review of the literature of thyroid gland tumors, which are
the most frequent endocrine pathology. Palpable nodes of thyroid gland could be with frequency of
about 5% in women and 1% in men. Such kind of tumors mainly are discovered by ultrasound
investigation in 70% of randomly selected people, with higher frequencies in women and the elderly.
Now many studies are carried out.
Objective: To analyze the scientific literature of classification of nodular thyroid tumors.
Search strategy: we conducted a search and analysis of scientific publications in the databases
Pubmed, CochraneLibrary, TripDatabase, ReserarchCate) Scientific electronic library CyberLeninka.
The criteria for inclusion of the source in the review were: reports on randomized and cohort studies
conducted on large populations; meta-analyzes and systematic reviews.
Criteria for exclusion were: articles describing single cases, summaries of reports, personal reports
and newspaper publications.
Results. Improving of diagnostic and treatment is the aim of specialists involving in managing of
patients with thyroid tumors. The classification of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System complex
studies with estimation of biochemical, clinical and ultrasonic risk factors allow to improve the accuracy
of diagnosis of thyroid tumors, to reduce the number of unjustified invasive diagnostic procedures and
invasive interventions, to reduce economic costs, to provide the continuity between different medical
specialties, to standardize approaches. It also allow standardizing approaches to management of
patients with uncertain results of cytological data. Many literature sources were considered and found
during the search. 53 articles were selected as source for the material.
Conclusion. Classification of THIRADS of ultrasound investigation could show differencation of
thyroid nodules depending of oncological risk. THIRADS allows to standardize the protocol of ultrasound
of the thyroid gland, and to minimize the personal factor at the interpretation of the ultrasound picture of
thyroid nodules, and also allows to unify the approach of interpretation of ultrosound diagnostic of
thyroid nodules. Using of THIRADS contributes to a clear definition of indications for FNAB and surgical
treatment of thyroid nodules; and it is allows to decrease quantity of unreasonable minimally invasive
and surgical interventions on the thyroid.