ANALYSIS OF THE LONG-TERM DYNAMICS OF THE INCIDENCE OFVIRAL HEPATITIS B AND C IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLICOF KAZAKHSTAN (RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS)

Abstract

Introduction. The analysis of the primary incidence of viral hepatitis B and C in the country will determine the trends of
the epidemiological process, in order to improve prevention programs.
The aim of the study: To study the primary incidence of viral hepatitis B and C in the Republic of Kazakhstan during the
analyzed period and to determine the epidemiological features.
Materials and methods: The study used a retrospective epidemiological analysis of primary morbidity from 2009 to
2020. Data source official accounting and reporting documentation of the Branch "Scientific and Practical Center for Sanitary
and Epidemiological Expertise and Monitoring" Republican State Enterprise on the right of economic management "National
Center for Public Health" Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Research results: The level of primary morbidity of acute viral hepatitis in 2020 decreased by 9.9 times (from 5742 in
2009 to 579 in 2020) with indicators of 3.05 per 100 thousand population compared to 2009 with indicators of 36.16,
including viral hepatitis C by 4.4 times with indicators of 0.83 per 100 thousand population in 2009 to 0.28 per 100 thousand
population in 2020 and acute viral hepatitis B by 4.5 times with indicators of 3.21 per 100 thousand population in 2009 to
0.19 per 100 thousand population in 2020 year. The highest proportion of carriers by year was determined in patients of drug
treatment hospitals (17%) in 2015. In 2020, the proportion of carriers of viral hepatitis B was 7%, carriers of viral hepatitis C14.7% among patients of drug treatment hospitals, which was significantly higher compared to the groups: donors, pregnant
women, newborns, patients of planned hospitalization, medical workers.
Conclusions: Thus, the spread of viral hepatitis B and C among the general population is global, the consequences of
which are detrimental not only to the health of humanity, in the form of liver damage (the development of cirrhosis of the
liver), but also to the health system. Many risk factors contribute to the spread of viral hepatitis C, of which the leading one is
still parenteral, when injecting drugs are used. Despite the large-scale immunoprophylactic work among the population of
Kazakhstan, the primary incidence of viral hepatitis B continues to be registered.