EPIDEMIOLOGY OF STROKE IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

Introduction. According to WHO, in 2019, 17.9 million people died from cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which
accounted for 31% of the total structure of causes of death, in 2000 this figure was 16%. 85% of these deaths are related to
heart attacks and strokes. The costs of noncommunicable diseases represent a global barrier to economic and social
development. According to calculations, with an increase in mortality by 10%, economic growth decreases by 0.5%[3]. By
2030, deaths from CVD are projected to increase by more than 23.6 million people. In addition to cardiovascular disease,
stroke is the 5th leading cause of death in the world after heart disease, cancer, respiratory disease and unintentional injury.
Aim. To study the incidence and mortality of stroke in Kazakhstan.
Materials and methods. A comparative retrospective analysis of the incidence and mortality from stroke in the context
of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010-2020 was carried out according to the statistical collections "Health of
the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the activities of healthcare organizations".
Results. Incidence of stroke in the Republic of Kazakhstan increases 2.3 times from 189 in 2011 to 433.7 per 100,000
population in 2020. In 2020, the average republican incidence rate was 433.7 per 100,000 population. The incidence of
stroke per 100,000 population by region prevails in the East Kazakhstan region (625). And the lowest rate was recorded in
Atyrau (221), Aktobe (249) and Almaty (279) regions. It can be seen that the dynamics of the mortality rate has relatively
decreased. By the way, compared to 2011, in 2020 (78.49) there was a decrease of 15%. In 2011, death rates were
registered 92.36 per 100,000 population. This is the maximum point of the studied time interval. The lowest death rate was
recorded in 2012 (51.53).
Conclusion. Thus, in Kazakhstan for the study period (2011-2020), there is a decrease in mortality from stroke in
dynamics. Thanks to the introduction of a screening program for the detection of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus in
Kazakhstan, the detection rate of the incidence of stroke has sharply increased.