CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS IN VARIOUS TYPES OF MODERNCHEMICAL DEPENDENCIES: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ROUTINELABORATORY AND INSTRUMENTAL INDICATORS.

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, there is a high prevalence of the use of psychoactive substances (surfactants) all over the
world. Among the patients of the narcological service, people with both opioid monodependence and non-opioid polydependence (new psychoactive substances (NPSs), tropicamide (mydriacil), cannabis and others) are embedded. The
question of the effect of these substances on the cardiovascular system remains poorly understood.
The aim of our study was to carry out a comparative characterization of routine clinical, laboratory and
electrocardiographic parameters at patients with monodependence on opioids and poly dependence on cannabinoids, NPSs
and tropicamide (mydriacil).
Materials and methods. An observational, cross-sectional study (with a retrospective set of cases) was conducted with
the copying of anamnestic, laboratory, instrumental data from medical histories from 2015 to 2020. Statistical analysis was
carried out in the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 program. The division into groups was carried out according to the following
principle: opioid mono-dependence versus dependence on NPSs, cannabis, tropicamide. Descriptive statistical methods
were used, comparative analysis of quantitative variables was carried out using the Student's t criterion, qualitative –
Pearson's X2, for binary variables, the prevailing odds ratio and their 95% confidence intervals were additionally calculated.
Results. The research involved 375 people with opioid mono–dependence (69% of men, 31% of women), 191 - polydependence on NPSs, cannabis, tropicamide (88% of men, 12% of women). The average age of patients was 32±7.3. In
patients with non-piodic poly-dependence, compared with opioid mono-dependence, hemoglobin and hematocrit indicators
did not exceed the limits of reference values, but were statistically significantly higher. Elevated rates of hepatic
transaminases were significantly higher among patients with monoadependency on opioids. A greater number of
pathological shifts were found in ECG characteristics with poly–dependence on cannabinoids, NSAIDs and tropicamide: the
chance of violations of repolarization processes with poly-dependence was 2.17 times higher (1.35; 3.47), and left ventricular
hypertrophy was 2.08 times higher (1.29; 3.33).
Conclusions. These findings in routine examinations indicate increased risks of cardiovascular disorders in modern
types of addictions (poly-dependence on cannabinoids, NPSs, tropicamide) and require further in-depth study of
pathogenetic mechanisms, including using echocardiographic method and evaluation of an expanded range of laboratory
parameters of blood clotting, unavailable in routine use in practical narcology.